Informatics Publishing Limited

Mohd. Yaqub Khan ¹, Poonam Gupta ¹, Bipin Bihari ¹, Vikas Kumar Verma ¹

Affiliations
1 Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Ahimamau P.O. Arjunganj Sultanpur Road, Lucknow- 226002,Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The current approach to the treatment of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is to achieve the best possible glucose control. Past clinical trials have shown that glycemia plays a key role in the prevention of both macro- and microvascular complications. During the past 20 years, a number of new medications to control blood glucose have been introduced, and new approaches to the use of older medications have been developed. Weight and diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, are closely related. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, and the current increase in obesity in our society has fueled a major increase in the expression of this disease. Not only does weight, through the mechanism of insulin resistance, aggravate hyperglycemia, it also increases the risk for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and other conditions that lead to cardiovascular disease.

Keywords

Glycemia, Obesity, Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia

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Md. Yaqub Khan ¹, Poonam Gupta ¹, Dipendu Goswami ¹, Bipin Bihari ¹, Vikas Kumar Verma ¹

Affiliations
1 Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Ahimamau P.O. Arjunganj Sultanpur Road, Lucknow, IN

Abstract

Purchase and use of OTC drugs without full knowledge is not only a waste of resources for all stakeholders but can be harmful for consumers. Creating awareness of rational drug use is only possible through continued public education with a broad vision of good health and wellbeing of the society. In developed economies, the four As of marketing has been addressed fairly well but in India, the accessibility and awareness is still on a lower side especially for allopathic OTC drugs .In India, the import, manufacture, distribution and sale of drugs and cosmetics are regulated by the Drugs and Cosmetics Act (DCA) and its subordinate legislation, the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules (DCR).

Keywords

Over the Counter (OTC) Drugs, Pharmaceutical Company, Continuous Pharmacist Education (CPE), Corporate Social Opportunity (CSO), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Ottom of Pyramid (BOP).

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Mohd. Yaqub Khan ¹, Irfan Aziz ¹, Imtiyaz Ahmad ¹, Bipin Bihari ², Hemant Kumar ³, Manju Panday ¹

Affiliations
1 Azad Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Azadpur, Adjacent CRPF Camp, Bijnour, Lucknow UP, IN
2 Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Ahimamau P.O. Arjunganj Sultanpur Road, Lucknow UP, IN
3 Hygia Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, UP, IN

Abstract

Human urine has strengthening and curative characteristics concerning many deficiencies. A mixture of potato and sulphur powder, mixed with heated, old urine helps against hair loss. One should rub this mixture into the scalp; this slows down loss of hair. All kinds of throat inflammation can be helped by gargling with urine to which a bit of saffron has been added. Trembling hands and knees can be helped by washing, and rubbing one's own warm urine into the skin directly after one has urinated. Drink your own water in the morning nine days together and it cures the scurvy, makes the body lightsome and cheerful. It is good against the dropsy and Jaundice, drunk as before. Wash your ears with it warm and it is good against deafness noises and nost other ailments in the ears. Wash your eyes with your own water and it cures sore eyes and clears and strengthens the sight. Wash and rub your hands with it and it take away numbness, chaps and sores and makes the joints limber. Wash any green wound with it and it is an extraordinary good thing. Wash any part that itches and it takes the itch away. More than any other method, urine therapy represents the principles of natural medicine. One's own urine is a specific medicine for anyone who is ill. It is made for him or her personally and is just right for what he or she needs at the present moment, because it changes its composition all the time.

Keywords

Gargling, Scurvy.

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Mohd. Yaqub Khan ¹, Poonam Gupta ², Bipin Bihari ³, Vineet Kumar Sharma ¹, Irfaan Aziz ¹

Affiliations
1 Azad Institute of Pharmacy & Research Azadpur, Adjacent CRPF Camp, Bijnour, Lucknow - 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 AMA Herbal Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 352/116-G, Talkatora Road, P.O. Rajajipuram, Lucknow-226017, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Ahimamau P.O. Arjunganj Sultanpur Road, Lucknow-226002,Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The cosmetics industry is large, with sales over $200 billion. Personal care products are a growing part of the chemical industry worldwide. Compared to industries involved in nanotechnology, it is modest. Nanotechnology entered the field of comsetics and health products nearly 40 years ago with moisturing creams that used liposomes, a vesical of phospholipid layers with an aquaeus core. The applications of nanotechnology and nanomaterials can be found in many cosmetic products including moisturizers, hair care products, make up and sunscreen. Nanomaterials are now being used in leading cosmetic products, most commonly as chemicals used to give the protection in sunscreens. Encapsulation and carrier systems like liposomes, nanoemulsions, microemulsions or lipid nanoparticles serve to transport agents to deeper skin layers. Nanoparticles of titan dioxide and zinc oxide are used as UV filters in sunscreens. There is little evidence supporting the principle that smaller particles have greater effects on the skin or other tissues or produce novel toxicities relative to micro-sized materials. Overall, the current weight of evidence suggests that nano-materials such as nano-sized vesicles or TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles currently used in cosmetic preparations or sunscreens pose no risk to human skin or human health, although other Nano particle may have properties that warrant safety evaluation on a case-by-case basis before human use. Recently, concerns over the safety of such nanocosmetics are raised and have forced the cosmetic industries to limit the use of nanotechnology in cosmetics and for enforcing laws to undergo a full-fledged safety assessment before they enter into the market. In this review, emphasis is made on the types of nanomaterials used in cosmetics by the various cosmetic brands, the potential risks caused by them both to human life and also to the environment and what all regulations have been undertaken or can be taken to overcome them.

Keywords

Liposomes, Nanomaterials, Nanoemulsions, Micro Emulsions, Lipid Nanoparticles.

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Mohd. Yaqub Khan ¹, Irfan Aziz ¹, Bipin Bihari ², Hemant Kumar ³, Maryada Roy ⁴, Vikas Kumar Verma ²

Affiliations
1 Azad Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Azadpur, Adjacent CRPF Camp, Bijnour, Lucknow-226002, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Ahimamau P.O., Arjunganj Sultanpur Road, Lucknow-226002, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Hygia Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IN
4 Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM), both insulin-dependent DM (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent DM (NIDDM) is a common and serious metabolic disorder throughout the world. Traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for the therapy of diabetes mellitus. Among many medications and other alternative medicines, several herbs have been known to cure and control diabetes; additionally they have no side effects. The present paper is an attempt to list of the plants with anti-diabetic and related beneficial effects originating from different parts of world. History showed that medicinal plants have been used in traditional healing around the world for a long time to treat diabetes; this is because such herbal plants have hypoglycemic properties and other beneficial properties, as reported in scientific literature. The medicinal plants, besides having natural therapeutic values against various diseases and considerable works have been done on these plants to treat diabetes mellitus, describes that the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is due to the presence of phenolic compounds, avonoids, terpenoids, coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose levels. Some of these herbal plants and their active chemical constituents which have a role in the management of diabetes mellitus are compiled here and discussed in this review.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Hypoglycemic Agents, Herbal Medicines, Sulphonylureas, Biguanides.

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Mohd. Yaqub Khan ¹, Poonam Gupta ², Bipin Bihari ³, Vineet Kumar Sharma ¹, Irfaan Aziz ¹

Affiliations
1 Azad Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Azadpur, Adjacent CRPF Camp, Bijnour, Lucknow-226002, UP, IN
2 AMA Herbal Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 352/116-G, Talkatora Road, P.O. Rajajipuram, Lucknow-226017, UP, IN
3 Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Ahimamau P.O. Arjunganj, Sultanpur Road, Lucknow-226002, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The cosmetics industry is large, with sales over $200 billion. Personal care products are a growing part of the chemical industry worldwide. Compared to industries involved in nanotechnology, it is modest. Nanotechnology entered the field of comsetics and health products nearly 40 years ago with moisturing creams that used liposomes, a vesical of phospholipid layers with an aquaeus core. The applications of nanotechnology and nanomaterials can be found in many cosmetic products including moisturizers, hair care products, make up and sunscreen. Nanomaterials are now being used in leading cosmetic products, most commonly as chemicals used to give the protection in sunscreens. Encapsulation and carrier systems like liposomes, nanoemulsions, microemulsions or lipid nanoparticles serve to transport agents to deeper skin layers. Nanoparticles of titan dioxide and zinc oxide are used as UV filters in sunscreens. There is little evidence supporting the principle that smaller particles have greater effects on the skin or other tissues or produce novel toxicities relative to micro-sized materials. Overall, the current weight of evidence suggests that nano-materials such as nano-sized vesicles or TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles currently used in cosmetic preparations or sunscreens pose no risk to human skin or human health, although other Nano particle may have properties that warrant safety evaluation on a case-by-case basis before human use. Recently, concerns over the safety of such nanocosmetics are raised and have forced the cosmetic industries to limit the use of nanotechnology in cosmetics and for enforcing laws to undergo a full-fledged safety assessment before they enter into the market. In this review, emphasis is made on the types of nanomaterials used in cosmetics by the various cosmetic brands, the potential risks caused by them both to human life and also to the environment and what all regulations have been undertaken or can be taken to overcome them.

Keywords

Liposomes, Nanomaterials, Nanoemulsions, Micro Emulsions, Lipid Nanoparticles.

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Mohd. Yaqub Khan ¹, Poonam Gupta ¹, Bipin Bihari ¹, Vinod Kumar Singh ¹, Sanjay Kumar Yadav ¹, Aparna Misra ¹

Affiliations
1 Saroj Institute of Technology & Management, Ahimamau P.O. Arjunganj, Sultanpur Road, Lucknow-226002, IN

Abstract

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is an inherited connective tissue disease causing blisters in the skin and mucosal membranes, with an incidence of 1/50,000. Its severity ranges from mild to lethal. The skin is extremely fragile: minor mechanical friction or trauma will separate the layers of the skin and form blisters. People with this condition have an increased risk of cancers of the skin, and many will eventually be diagnosed with it as a complication of the chronic damage done to the skin. The skin has three layers; the outermost layer is the epidermis, and the middle layer is the dermis. In individuals with healthy skin, there are protein anchors between the layers that prevent them from moving independently from one another (shearing). In people born with EB, these top skin layers lack the protein anchors that hold them together, and any action that creates friction between them (like rubbing or pressure) will create blisters and painful sores. Sufferers of EB have compared the sores with third-degree burns. Current clinical research at the University of Minnesota has included a bone marrow transplant to a 2-year-old child who is one of 2 brothers with EB. Sulforaphane, a compound found in broccoli, was found to reduce blistering in a mouse model to the point where affected pups could not be identified visually, when injected into pregnant mice (5 μmol/day = 0.9 mg) and applied topically to newborns (1 μmol/day = 0.2 mg in jojoba oil).

Keywords

Extremely Fragile, Protein Anchors, Broccoli.

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